Foundations of Science & the Concepts of Psychology and Psychoanalysis

Volume 1
Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science

Table of Contents

SYNOPSIS . . . ix

SOME MAJOR ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE OF LOGICAL EMPIRICISM . . . 3
Herbert Feigl

THE METHODOLOGICAL CHARACTER OF THEORETICAL CONCEPTS . . . 38
Rudolf Carnap

I, Our Problems, 38. II. The Observation Language L0 40. III. The Theoretical Language LT, 42. IV. The Problem of the Admissibility of Theoretical Entities, 43. V. The Correspondence Rules C, 47. VI. A Criterion of Significance for Theoretical Terms, 49. VII. The Adequacy of the Criterion of Significance, 52. VIII. A Criterion of Significance for Theoretical Sentences, 59. IX. Disposition Concepts, 62. X. The Difference between Theoretical Terms and Pure Disposition Terms, 66. XI. Psychological Concepts, 69.

CRITIQUE OF PSYCHOANALYTIC CONCEPTS AND THEORIES . . . 77
B. F. Skinner

A STUDY OF RADICAL BEHAVIORISM . . . 88
Michael Scriven

AN OPERATIONAL REFORMULATION OF SOME OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOANALYSIS. . . 131
Albert Ellis

What Operationism Is, 131. A Basic Operational Vocabulary, 137. Reformulating Psychoanalytic Principles, 140. Limitations of the Operational Reformulation of Freudian Principles, 150. Summary, 151.

MOTIVES AND THE UNCONSCIOUS . . . 155
Antony Flew

CONSTRUCT VALIDITY IN PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS . . . 174
L. J. Cronbach and P. E. Meehl

Four Types of Validation, 175. Kinds of Constructs, 178. The Relation of Constructs to "Criteria," 179. Inadequacy of Validation in Terms of Specific Criteria, 180. Experimentation to Investigate Construct Validity, 182. The Logic of Construct Validation, 187. Conclusions Regarding the Network after Experimentation, 192. Validation of a Complex Test "As a Whole," 197. Recapitulation, 200.

PROBLEMS IN THE ACTUARIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A PERSON . . . 205
P. E. Meehl

ON THE LOGIC OF GENERAL BEHAVIOR SYSTEMS THEORY . . . 223
R. C. Buck

THE CONCEPT OF EMERGENCE . . . 239
P. E. Meehl and Wilfrid Sellars

EMPIRICISM AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND . . . 253
Wilfrid Sellars

I. An Ambiguity in Sense-Datum Theories (Secs. 1ÿ2D7), 253. II. Another Language? (Secs. 8-9), 261. III. The Logic of 'Looks' (Secs. 10-20), 267. IV. Explaining Looks (Secs. 21-23), 277. V. Impressions and Ideas: a Logical Point (Secs. 24ÿ2D25), 282. VI. Impressions and Ideas: an Historical Point (Secs. 26ÿ2D29), 285. VII. The Logic of 'Means' (Secs. 30-31), 290. VIII. Does Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation? (Secs. 32-38), 293. IX. Science and Ordinary Usage (Secs. 39-44), 300. X. Private Episodes: the Problem (Sec. 45), 305. XI. Thoughts: the Classical View (Secs. 46-47), 307. XII. Our Rylean Ancestors (Secs. 48-50), 309. XIII. Theories and Models, (Secs. 51-52), 311. XIV. Methodological versus Philosophical Behaviorism (Secs. 53-55), 314. XV. The Logic of Private Episodes: Thoughts (Secs. 56-59), 317. XVI. The Logic of Private Episodes: Impressions (Secs. 60-63), 321.

A POSSIBLE DISTINCTION BETWEEN TRADITIONAL SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES AND THE STUDY OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR . . . 330
Michael Scriven

NAME INDEX . . . 340

SUBJECT INDEX . . . 343